Información posquirúrgica a la familia: un área de mejora. Estudio prospectivo tras cirugía urológica / Postsurgical family information: An improvement area. Prospective study after urologic surgery

Objetivos: Analizar y cuantificar la retención de información postoperatoria, comprobando si es mejorable al entregarla ordenadamente. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, comparativo y no aleatorizado desarrollado entre mayo y octubre de 2008, en el que tras la información básica posquirúrgica a familiares de 50 pacientes operados de la vejiga o la próstata entregábamos un cuestionario sobre lo que le acabábamos de contar que debía rellenar un único miembro de la familia. La información era transmitida de manera diferente: en el grupo 1 (30 pacientes) se informaba a la familia siguiendo una plantilla diseñada por nosotros, redactada de manera simple y con lenguaje llano; en el grupo 2 (20 pacientes) el médico informaba según su costumbre sin saber que está participando en el trabajo, siendo el familiar encuestado por uno de los investigadores. Comparamos entre ambos grupos el porcentaje de acierto global en la encuesta y de cada una de las preguntas: operación realizada, características benignas o malignas del proceso, anestesia empleada, etc. Criterios de exclusión: familiar sanitario, paciente intervenido más de 5 veces, paciente que no autoriza a informar a la familia o paciente no operado por su equipo habitual. Resultados: Sólo 3 familiares (6%) acertaron todas las respuestas y 25 (50%) no acertaron más del 70% de las cuestiones. Lo más conocido fue el órgano intervenido (46 [92%]). De los encuestados, 21 (42%) desconocen si el proceso es en principio benigno o maligno, acertando más los informados con plantilla (20/30 [66,7%] vs. 9/20 [45%]), aunque sin significación. El único ítem en el que hay diferencias en porcentaje de acierto dependiendo de si se usó plantilla es si el paciente lleva sonda (29 aciertos en el grupo 1 [96,7%] y 13 aciertos en el grupo 2 [65%]). No encontramos diferencias en porcentaje de acierto según número de personas informadas, formación, edad o número de intervenciones previas. Conclusiones: Los familiares no retienen todo lo dicho. Ordenar la información proporcionada puede mejorarlo, pero otros factores influyen. Debemos avanzar en cuestiones como la identificación personal. Puede ser útil repetir la información en otro momento (AU)

Objectives: Analyzing and quantifing the postoperative retention of information, checking if it could be improved been delivered in an organized way. Material and methods: After the basic information to relatives of 50 post-surgical patients operated for bladder or prostate, we deliver a questionnaire about what has just been told. It must be completed by a family member. The information is distributed differently: group 1 (30 patients) reported to the family following a script designed by us, written in simple and natural language. In group 2 (20 patients) the doctor informed as usual, not knowing that he is participating in the research. Then the relative is interviewed by one of the researchers. Results: Only 3 (6%) family members matched all the right answers, and 25 (50%) did not hit more than 70% of the issues. The best known concept was the organ involved: 46 (92%). 21(42%) of respondents did not know if the process is basically benign or malignant, getting better results in group 1 but without significance: 20/30 (66.7%) vs 9/20 (45%) (p>0.05). The only item in which there are differences in success rate depending on the group is if a catheter have been set: 29 (96.7%) of successes in group 1, 13(65%) in 2. We found no difference in success rate according to number of family members informed, education, age or number of previous interventions. Conclusions: Relatives do not retain everything that was said. Organizing the information provided may improve, but other factors have influence. We must improve issues such as personal identification. It may be useful to repeat the information later (AU)

[Postsurgical family information: an improvement area. Prospective study after urologic surgery]. / Información posquirúrgica a la familia: un área de mejora. Estudio prospectivo tras cirugía urológica.

OBJECTIVES: Analyzing and quantifying the postoperative retention of information, checking if it could be improved been delivered in an organized way. MATERIAL AND METHODS: After the basic information to relatives of 50 post-surgical patients operated for bladder or prostate, we deliver a questionnaire about what has just been told. It must be completed by a family member. The information is distributed differently: group 1 (30 patients) reported to the family following a script designed by us, written in simple and natural language. In group 2 (20 patients) the doctor informed as usual, not knowing that he is participating in the research. Then the relative is interviewed by one of the researchers. RESULTS: Only 3 (6%) family members matched all the right answers, and 25 (50%) did not hit more than 70% of the issues. The best known concept was the organ involved: 46 (92%). 21(42%) of respondents did not know if the process is basically benign or malignant, getting better results in group 1 but without significance: 20/30 (66.7%) vs 9/20 (45%) (p>0.05). The only item in which there are differences in success rate depending on the group is if a catheter have been set: 29 (96.7%) of successes in group 1, 13(65%) in 2. We found no difference in success rate according to number of family members informed, education, age or number of previous interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Relatives do not retain everything that was said. Organizing the information provided may improve, but other factors have influence. We must improve issues such as personal identification. It may be useful to repeat the information later.

[Economic evaluation of medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the specialised care setting in Spain. Application to the cost-effectiveness of two drugs frequently used in its treatment]. / Evaluación económica del tratamiento médico de la hiperplasia benigna de próstata (HBP) en España en atención especializada. Aplicación al coste- efectividad de dos fármacos habitualmente utilizados en su tratamiento.

OBJECTIVES: To develop a pharmacoeconomic study in order to know the average cost of BPH diagnosis and follow-up in Spain in the Urology Department setting from the perspective of the public health system, considering two frequently used drugs in the Spanish Healthcare environment, an alpha-blocker (tamsulosin) and the lipido-sterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Direct healthcare costs of BPH diagnosis and treatment were determined for each clinical stage according to the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS): mild, moderate and severe. Data on the usage and unit costs of healthcare resources were obtained from a semi-structured interview with clinical experts. The clinical efficacy of the medical treatments was obtained from the PERMAL clinical study, where therapeutic equivalence between the two studied drugs was observed. RESULTS: For patients treated in the Urology Department setting, the average annual cost of diagnostic tests and medical visits related to mild, moderate or severe BPH symptoms were, respectively, Euro 124, Euro 207, and Euro 286. The average annual cost of the drugs, including adverse effects treatment, was Euro 211 for Permixon and Euro 346 for tamsulosin. DISCUSSION: Costs of medical care of BPH increases with symptom intensity. Pharmacological treatment makes up a significant part of the disease's cost. According to the model used, treatment with Permixon is considerably more cost-effective than with tamsulosin, offering average yearly savings of Euro 135 per patient.

Evaluación económica del tratamiento médico de la hiperplasia benigna de próstata (HBP) en España en atención especializada. Aplicación al coste-efectividad de dos fármacos habitualmente utilizados en su tratamiento / Economic evaluation of medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in the specialised care setting in Spain. Application to the cost-effectiveness of two drugs frequently used in its treatment

Objetivos: Llevar a cabo un estudio fármaco económico para conocer el coste medio del diagnóstico y seguimiento de la HBP en España en el ámbito de la atención especializada desde la perspectiva del sistema público de salud, considerando dos fármacos frecuentemente utilizados en el entorno sanitario español, un alfabloqueante (tamsulosina) y el extracto lipido esterólico de Serenoa repens (Permixón(R)).Material y métodos: Se determinaron los costes sanitarios directos del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la HBP para cada presentación clínica según el valor del International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS): leve, moderada y grave. Los datos sobre el consumo y los costes unitarios de los recursos sanitarios se recogieron mediante una encuesta semi-estructurada a expertos clínicos. La eficacia clínica del tratamiento médico fue obtenida del estudio clínico PERMAL, en el que se observó equivalencia terapéutica entre ambos fármacos. Resultados: El coste medio anual de pruebas diagnósticas y visitas médicas de la HBP sintomática según fuese leve, moderada o grave fueron, respectivamente, 124 €, 207€ y 286€ para pacientes tratados en atención especializada. El coste medio anual del tratamiento médico, incluyendo la atención de los efectos adversos fue de 211€ para Permixón(R) y 346 € paratamsulosina. Discusión: El coste de la atención médica de la HBP es proporcional a la intensidad de la sintomatología. El tratamiento farmacológico constituye una parte significativa del coste de la enfermedad. En base al modelo utilizado, el tratamiento con Permixón(R) es sensiblemente más coste-efectivo que el tratamiento con tamsulosina, representando un ahorro medio de 135€ por paciente y año (AU)

Objectives: To develop a pharmaco economic study in order to know the average cost of BPH diagnosis and follow-up in Spain in the Urology Department setting from the perspective of the public health system, considering two frequently used drugs in the Spanish Healthcare environment, an alpha-blocker (tamsulosin) and the lipido-sterolic extract of Serenoa repens (Permixon(R)).Material and methods: Direct healthcare costs of BPH diagnosis and treatment were determined for each clinical stage according to the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS): mild, moderate and severe. Data on the usage and unit costs of healthcare resources were obtained from a semi-structured interview with clinical experts. The clinical efficacy of the medical treatments was obtained from the PERMAL clinical study, where therapeutic equivalence between the two studied drugs was observed. Results: For patients treated in the Urology Department setting, the average annual cost of diagnostic tests and medical visits related to mild, moderate or severe BPH symptoms were, respectively, € 124, € 207, and € 286. The average annual cost of the drugs, including adverse effects treatment, was € 211 for Permixon(R) and € 346 for tamsulosin. Discussion: Costs of medical care of BPH increases with symptom intensity. Pharmacological treatment makes up a significant part of the disease’s cost. According to the model used, treatment with Permixon(R) is considerably more cost-effective than with tamsulosin, offering average yearly savings of € 135 per patient (AU)

Sintomatología miccional y alteraciones urodinámicas en la enfermedad de Parkinson / Urinary symptoms and urodynamic findings in Parkinson's disease

Introducción. Los síntomas urinarios en la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) son síntomas menores, pero invalidantes. Analizamos su correlación con síntomas motores, duración y gravedad de la EP y con las alteraciones urodinámicas observadas. También estudiamos la respuesta al tratamiento con tolterodina. Métodos. Se incluyeron pacientes con EP y puntuaciones en los cuestionarios de síntomas urinarios superiores a 7 en varones (IPSS) y a 5 en mujeres (IU-4). Se analizó intensidad de los síntomas neurológicos (escala UPDRS), gravedad de la EP (escala Hohen-Yahr), parámetros del estudio urodinámico y sedimento urinario. En varones además se realizó tacto rectal y ecografía abdominal para valorar patología prostática obstructiva. Los pacientes sin obstrucción al flujo urinario recibieron tratamiento con tolterodina. Resultados. Diecinueve pacientes fueron seleccionados, excluyéndose 3 por sedimento patológico. En los 16 restantes se observó una correlación positiva de la intensidad de los síntomas urinarios con los años de evolución de la EP (p<0,01) y con la rigidez (p<0,01), que fue el síntoma más intenso. En 13 casos (81,2 %) se detectó hiperactividad de detrusor, de los que 4 presentaron datos urodinámicos de obstrucción. El porcentaje de mejoría de los síntomas urinarios en los 9 casos tratados con tolterodina fue bajo (33 %). Conclusiones. La gravedad de los síntomas urinarios se correlaciona con el grado de rigidez y con los años de evolución de la EP. La combinación de los cuestionarios y el estudio urodinámico permiten identificar el tipo de disfunción vesical y seleccionar a los pacientes tributarios de tratamiento anticolinérgico. La tolterodina redujo los síntomas de urgencia y frecuencia miccional en la EP, pero fue ineficaz sobre la incontinencia urinaria

Introduction. Urinary symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) are minor but disabling. We have analyzed correlation of urinary symptoms with motor symptoms, duration and severity of PD and urodynamic abnormalities observed. Response to treatment with tolterodine was also assessed. Methods. PD male patients with a score in IPSS questionnaire over 7 and female patients with a score in IU-4 scale over 5 were included in the study. Intensity of neurological symptoms (UPDRS score), seriousness of PD (Hohen-Yahr stage), urodynamic parameters, and urinary sediment were analyzed in each patient. Abdominal ultrasonography and rectal examination were performed in males to exclude obstructive prosthatic pathology. Patients without evidence of urinary flow obstruction were treated with tolterodine. Results. Three out of the 19 patients were excluded because of abnormal urinary sediment and the rest (n = 16) were included. Urinary symptoms correlated with rigidity severity (p < 0.01) and years of evolution of PD (p<0.01). Rigidity (p<0.01) was the neurological sign with the highest UPDRS motor scale score. Overactive bladder was present in 13 cases (81.2 %) and 4 of them had urinary flow obstruction. Clinical improvement in nine patients treated with tolterodine was mild (33 %). Conclusions. Urinary symptoms correlate with rigidity severity and with years of evolution of PD. The use of both the urinary questionnaire and urodynamic study allow us to identify the type of bladder dysfunction and select the patients who would benefit the most from anticholinergics. Tolterodine reduced miccional urgency and frequency in PD, but was ineffective on urinary incontinence

[Urinary symptoms and urodynamic findings in Parkinson's disease]. / Sintomatología miccional y alteraciones urodinámicas en la enfermedad de Parkinson.

INTRODUCTION: Urinary symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) are minor but disabling. We have analyzed correlation of urinary symptoms with motor symptoms, duration and severity of PD and urodynamic abnormalities observed. Response to treatment with tolterodine was also assessed. METHODS: PD male patients with a score in IPSS questionnaire over 7 and female patients with a score in IU-4 scale over 5 were included in the study. Intensity of neurological symptoms (UPDRS score), seriousness of PD (Hohen-Yahr stage), urodynamic parameters, and urinary sediment were analyzed in each patient. Abdominal ultrasonography and rectal examination were performed in males to exclude obstructive prostatic pathology. Patients without evidence of urinary flow obstruction were treated with tolterodine. RESULTS: Three out of the 19 patients were excluded because of abnormal urinary sediment and the rest (n = 16) were included. Urinary symptoms correlated with rigidity severity (p < 0.01) and years of evolution of PD (p < 0.01). Rigidity (p < 0.01) was the neurological sign with the highest UPDRS motor scale score. Overactive bladder was present in 13 cases (81.2%) and 4 of them had urinary flow obstruction. Clinical improvement in nine patients treated with tolterodine was mild (33%). CONCLUSIONS: Urinary symptoms correlate with rigidity severity and with years of evolution of PD. The use of both the urinary questionnaire and urodynamic study allow us to identify the type of bladder dysfunction and select the patients who would benefit the most from anticholinergics. Tolterodine reduced miccional urgency and frequency in PD, but was ineffective on urinary incontinence.